Learn to use appropriate “Cell Reference” in Excel Formulas
>> Relative Cell Reference
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Cell Reference changes with formula being copied and pasted in other cells
>> Default cell references in a spreadsheet are relative, which change when copied and pasted.
eg; E8, E9, E10, etc
>> Obsolete Cell Reference
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Cell Reference does NOT change with formula being copied and pasted in other cells
>> An absolute cell reference is used when you don’t want the cell reference to change with the formula or function being copied and pasted to other cells.
>> To keep the cell reference unchanged, dollar signs ($) have to be prefixed to column and row.
>> A shortcut to prefix dollar signs is to click on a cell reference and then press F4 key on the keyboard.
eg; $E$5
>> Mixed Cell Reference
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Part of the Cell Reference changes with formula being copied and pasted in other cells
eg1) $E10: In this case, only “Column E ($E)” is fixed and will not change with formula being copied and pasted in other cells
eg; $E10, $E11, $E12, etc
eg2) E$10: In this case, only “Row 10 ($10)” is fixed and will not change with formula being copied and pasted in other cells
eg; E$10, F$10, G$10, etc
Please feel free to ask any question in this regard